English 
Flex PCB
Flex PCBs (flexible printed circuit boards) are specialized circuit structures constructed by laminating conductive traces onto a flexible insulating substrate. Their core features lie in their exceptional flexibility and spatial adaptability, enabling dynamic bending or static installation within three-dimensional space. They effectively replace traditional wiring harnesses and reduce assembly weight. These boards support a variety of substrate materials, including FR-4, aluminum, ceramic, metal core, high-frequency materials, rigid-flex, and halogen-free. Board thicknesses range from 0.3 to 6mm, with copper thicknesses from 0.5oz to 5oz. They offer multi-layer designs with 1 to 32 layers. Flex PCBs utilize a variety of surface treatments, including immersion nickel gold (IGA), OSP, and HASL, to meet high reliability and signal integrity requirements. Their process precision is exceptional, with minimum line widths and spacings reaching 3 mils and a thickness-to-aperture ratio of up to 10:1. They are suitable for applications requiring high integration and space optimization, such as consumer electronics, automotive sensors, medical wearables, and aerospace instruments. They are a key technology for achieving lightweight devices and interconnecting moving components.
